Immerse yourself in the chilling world of true crime with our handpicked selection of the best true crime audiobooks. These gripping narratives, expertly narrated, will transport you into the heart of real-life mysteries, investigations, and trials. From the infamous Manson Family murders to the haunting tale of the Golden State Killer, these audiobooks offer a compelling blend of suspense, drama, and factual accuracy. Each one is a testament to the power of storytelling, transforming complex legal proceedings and chilling crime scenes into captivating audio experiences. Whether you’re a seasoned true crime enthusiast or new to the genre, these audiobooks promise to keep you on the edge of your seat.
1. Say Nothing by Patrick Radden Keefe
Summary
“Say Nothing: A True Story of Murder and Memory in Northern Ireland” is an enthralling audiobook, narrated by the talented Matthew Blaney. The book is a deep dive into the dark history of Northern Ireland’s Troubles, focusing on the disappearance of Jean McConville, a mother of ten. The audiobook, released in 2019, runs for approximately 14 hours and 40 minutes, immersing listeners in a world of intrigue, history, and heartbreak.
Matthew Blaney’s narration is a standout feature of this audiobook. His Irish accent lends authenticity to the narrative, and his ability to modulate his voice for different characters brings the story to life. The audiobook is a masterful blend of investigative journalism and narrative nonfiction, with Blaney’s narration adding a layer of emotional depth to the harrowing tale.
Review
“Say Nothing” is a compelling audiobook that grips listeners from the start. The story is a complex web of political intrigue, personal tragedy, and the struggle for justice. Keefe’s meticulous research is evident in the detailed accounts of the events, and his storytelling skills shine through in the way he weaves together the various threads of the narrative.
Matthew Blaney’s narration is a significant part of what makes this audiobook so engaging. His voice carries the weight of the story’s emotional depth, and his accent adds a layer of authenticity to the narrative. His pacing is excellent, allowing listeners to absorb the complex historical and political details without feeling overwhelmed.
The production quality of the audiobook is also top-notch. The sound is clear, and the volume levels are consistent throughout, making for a comfortable listening experience. The audiobook also includes a downloadable PDF with notes and a bibliography, which is a nice touch for those who want to delve deeper into the subject matter.
What We Loved
There’s a lot to love about “Say Nothing.” The depth and breadth of Keefe’s research are impressive, and his storytelling skills make for an engaging listen. The narrative is complex and thought-provoking, shedding light on a dark period in Northern Ireland’s history.
Matthew Blaney’s narration is another highlight. His voice is soothing and engaging, making it easy to listen for hours on end. His Irish accent adds authenticity to the story, and his character voices are distinct and consistent, adding depth to the narrative.
The production quality of the audiobook is also excellent. The sound is clear, the volume levels are consistent, and the inclusion of a downloadable PDF with notes and a bibliography is a thoughtful addition.
What We Didn’t Like
While “Say Nothing” is a fantastic audiobook, it may not be for everyone. The narrative is dense and complex, with a lot of historical and political details that some listeners might find overwhelming. The story also deals with heavy themes, including murder and political violence, which may be distressing for some listeners.
Additionally, while Matthew Blaney’s narration is generally excellent, some listeners might find his Irish accent difficult to understand at times. However, this is a minor issue and does not significantly detract from the overall listening experience.
2. “The Fact of a Body: A Murder and a Memoir” by Alexandria Marzano-Lesnevich
Summary
“The Fact of a Body: A Murder and a Memoir” is a unique blend of true crime and personal memoir, narrated by the author herself, Alexandria Marzano-Lesnevich. The audiobook is a journey that takes listeners through the author’s personal life and the life of convicted murderer Ricky Langley. The narrative is a masterful blend of the author’s personal experiences and the chilling details of a murder case. The author’s voice adds a layer of authenticity and intimacy to the story, making it a compelling listen.
The audiobook is divided into two parts. The first part delves into the author’s life, her struggles with her past, and her journey into law. The second part focuses on the life of Ricky Langley, a convicted murderer whose case Marzano-Lesnevich stumbles upon during a summer job at a law firm. The author’s narration is powerful and emotional, making the audiobook a deeply personal and moving experience.
Review
“The Fact of a Body: A Murder and a Memoir” is a riveting audiobook that is both a memoir and a true crime story. Marzano-Lesnevich’s narration is raw and honest, making the listener feel as if they are part of her journey. The author’s voice is filled with emotion, which adds depth to the narrative and makes the story more engaging.
The audiobook is a deep dive into the complexities of human nature and the justice system. Marzano-Lesnevich’s narration is compelling, drawing the listener into the story and making them feel a part of it. The author’s personal experiences and the details of the murder case are intertwined in a way that is both intriguing and thought-provoking.
The audiobook is not just a recounting of a murder case; it is also a journey into the author’s past and her struggles with her own demons. The author’s narration is powerful and emotional, making the story more personal and relatable. The audiobook is a testament to the power of storytelling and the impact it can have on the listener.
What We Loved
We loved the author’s narration and the way she intertwined her personal experiences with the details of the murder case. Her voice added a layer of authenticity and intimacy to the story, making it a compelling listen. The audiobook is a testament to the power of storytelling and the impact it can have on the listener.
We also loved the depth and complexity of the story. The author’s personal journey and the details of the murder case are intertwined in a way that is both intriguing and thought-provoking. The audiobook is a deep dive into the complexities of human nature and the justice system, making it a fascinating listen.
What We Didn’t Like
While the audiobook is a compelling listen, it can be emotionally heavy at times. The author’s raw and honest narration can be intense, making it a challenging listen for some. Additionally, the intertwining of the author’s personal experiences with the details of the murder case, while intriguing, can also be confusing at times. The narrative could have benefited from a clearer distinction between the memoir and the true crime elements of the story.
3. In Cold Blood by Truman Capote
Summary
“In Cold Blood” is a chilling audiobook that brings Truman Capote’s groundbreaking novel to life in a new and immersive way. The audiobook is narrated by Scott Brick, a veteran in the field of audiobook narration, known for his ability to bring depth and nuance to the characters he voices. Brick’s narration of “In Cold Blood” is no exception. He masterfully captures the tension and horror of the real-life murder case that Capote investigates in this novel.
The story revolves around the brutal murder of the Clutter family in Holcomb, Kansas, in 1959. Capote reconstructs the crime and the subsequent investigation that led to the capture, trial, and execution of the killers. The audiobook is a deep dive into the minds of the killers, the terror of the victims, and the impact of the crime on the small town.
Review
Listening to “In Cold Blood” is an experience that is as haunting as it is captivating. Scott Brick’s narration adds a layer of realism to the story that makes it even more compelling. His voice carries the weight of the tragedy, the complexity of the characters, and the suspense of the investigation.
Capote’s meticulous research and attention to detail shine through in the audiobook. The narrative is structured in such a way that it feels like a novel, yet the fact that it’s a true story makes it even more chilling. The audiobook format allows the listener to absorb the story in a unique way, making the experience more personal and intense.
The pacing of the audiobook is well-balanced, with the suspense building steadily throughout. The descriptions are vivid, painting a clear picture of the events, the characters, and the setting. The dialogue, brought to life by Brick’s skillful narration, is engaging and adds depth to the characters.
What We Loved
Scott Brick’s narration is undoubtedly one of the highlights of this audiobook. His ability to convey the emotions and personalities of the characters adds a new dimension to the story. His pacing and tone are spot on, making the listening experience immersive and engaging.
The audiobook stays true to Capote’s original work while bringing a fresh perspective through the audio format. The detailed descriptions, the suspenseful narrative, and the psychological insight into the characters are all enhanced in the audiobook.
What We Didn’t Like
While the audiobook is a compelling listen, it can be quite intense and heavy due to the subject matter. Some listeners might find it challenging to listen to due to the graphic descriptions and the dark themes. Additionally, the pacing, while generally well-balanced, can feel slow at times, particularly in the middle sections of the book.
Despite these minor issues, “In Cold Blood” is a powerful audiobook that offers a unique and immersive way to experience Truman Capote’s classic work. It’s a testament to the power of storytelling and the impact that a well-narrated audiobook can have.
4. Killers of the Flower Moon: The Osage Murders and the Birth of the FBI by David Grann
Summary
“Killers of the Flower Moon: The Osage Murders and the Birth of the FBI” is a gripping audiobook that delves into a chilling chapter of American history. The audiobook is narrated by Ann Marie Lee, Will Patton, and Danny Campbell, who each bring a unique voice and perspective to the narrative. The story unfolds in the 1920s, when the richest people per capita in the world were the members of the Osage Indian Nation in Oklahoma. After oil was discovered beneath their land, the Osage rode in chauffeured automobiles, built mansions, and sent their children to study in Europe. However, one by one, they began to be killed off.
The federal government turned a blind eye until the death toll climbed. It was then that the newly created FBI took up the case. The young director, J. Edgar Hoover, turned to a former Texas Ranger named Tom White to try to unravel the mystery. White put together an undercover team, including a Native American agent, and together with the Osage, they began to expose one of the most chilling conspiracies in American history.
Review
The audiobook version of “Killers of the Flower Moon” is a masterful production that enhances the already powerful narrative. The narrators, Ann Marie Lee, Will Patton, and Danny Campbell, each lend their unique voices to the story, bringing the characters and the era to life. Their performances add depth and emotion to the narrative, making the chilling events even more impactful.
The pacing of the audiobook is well-executed, with the tension building steadily as the mystery unfolds. The narrators’ performances are nuanced and engaging, capturing the horror, intrigue, and sadness of the events. The audiobook is not just a recounting of historical events, but a deeply personal and emotional journey that immerses the listener in the experiences of the Osage people and the investigators who sought justice for them.
What We Loved
The standout aspect of this audiobook is undoubtedly the performances of the narrators. Their ability to convey the emotions and personalities of the characters adds a layer of immersion that is not often found in audiobooks. The narrative is complex and layered, and the narrators handle this with skill, ensuring that the listener is always engaged and never lost.
The production quality of the audiobook is also top-notch. The sound quality is clear, and the volume levels are consistent throughout, making for a comfortable listening experience. The pacing of the narration is just right, allowing the story to unfold naturally without feeling rushed or dragged out.
What We Didn’t Like
While the audiobook is generally excellent, there are a few minor points that some listeners might find less appealing. The story can be quite heavy and intense at times, which might not be to everyone’s taste. Additionally, the multiple narrators, while generally a positive, can occasionally be confusing, especially when switching between them. However, these are minor points in an otherwise outstanding audiobook.
5. “Mindhunter: Inside the FBI’s Elite Serial Crime Unit” by John E. Douglas
Summary
“Mindhunter: Inside the FBI’s Elite Serial Crime Unit” is an intriguing audiobook that takes listeners on a journey into the depths of criminal investigation. The audiobook is narrated by Richard M. Davidson, whose voice adds an extra layer of intensity and authenticity to the narrative. The audiobook is based on the experiences of John E. Douglas, a former special agent of the FBI, who was instrumental in the development of criminal profiling within the Bureau.
The audiobook delves into the gritty details of Douglas’s career, where he interviewed and studied a slew of serial killers. These experiences were used to develop the criminal profiling techniques that are widely used today. The audiobook is a blend of true crime, psychology, and suspense, making it a compelling listen for those interested in understanding the minds of some of the most notorious criminals in history.
Review
The “Mindhunter” audiobook is a gripping exploration of the criminal mind. Richard M. Davidson’s narration is commendable, as he manages to capture the tension, intrigue, and sheer horror of the situations described. His voice carries the weight of the narrative, making the listener feel as if they are part of the investigation.
The audiobook is not just about the crimes, but also about the process of understanding the criminal mind. It provides a deep dive into the methodology of criminal profiling, which is fascinating. The way Douglas’s experiences are woven into the narrative gives the listener an insight into the challenges and triumphs of his career.
The pacing of the audiobook is well-balanced, with enough detail to keep the listener engaged without overwhelming them. The mix of personal anecdotes, case studies, and theoretical discussions makes for a dynamic and engaging listen.
What We Loved
What stands out in the “Mindhunter” audiobook is the depth of information it provides. It’s not just a recounting of Douglas’s experiences, but also an educational journey into the world of criminal profiling. The narration by Richard M. Davidson is another highlight. His voice adds a layer of authenticity and intensity to the narrative, making it even more engaging.
The audiobook also does a great job of balancing the technical aspects of criminal profiling with the human stories behind the crimes. This balance makes the audiobook accessible to both those with a background in criminal psychology and those who are new to the subject.
What We Didn’t Like
While the “Mindhunter” audiobook is undoubtedly engaging, it can be quite intense and graphic at times. Some listeners might find the detailed descriptions of crimes and criminal behavior disturbing. Furthermore, the audiobook is heavily focused on Douglas’s work and experiences, which, while fascinating, might not appeal to those looking for a broader overview of criminal profiling.
6. Adnan’s Story: The Search for Truth and Justice After Serial
Summary
“Adnan’s Story: The Search for Truth and Justice After Serial” is an audiobook penned by Rabia Chaudry, a renowned attorney, and a family friend of Adnan Syed. The audiobook is narrated by the author herself, which adds a layer of authenticity and personal connection to the story. The narration is clear, engaging, and filled with emotion, making the listener feel as if they are part of the journey.
The audiobook delves into the case of Adnan Syed, who was convicted for the murder of his ex-girlfriend, Hae Min Lee, in 1999. Rabia Chaudry presents new key evidence that she believes dismantles the State’s case, and she explores the inconsistencies in the case that led to Adnan’s wrongful conviction. The audiobook is a deep dive into the flaws of the criminal justice system and a passionate plea for justice.
Review
“Adnan’s Story: The Search for Truth and Justice After Serial” is a compelling and thought-provoking audiobook. Rabia Chaudry’s narration is heartfelt and sincere, making the listener feel her passion for justice and her unwavering belief in Adnan’s innocence. Her voice carries the weight of the story, and her personal connection to Adnan adds a unique perspective to the narrative.
The audiobook is meticulously researched and well-structured, presenting a chronological account of the events leading up to and following Adnan’s conviction. Chaudry’s legal background shines through as she dissects the case, pointing out the inconsistencies and presenting new evidence. The audiobook is not just a recounting of facts, but a narrative filled with emotion, conviction, and a quest for justice.
What We Loved
What stands out in this audiobook is Rabia Chaudry’s narration. Her voice is filled with emotion, and her personal connection to the story adds a layer of authenticity that is hard to find in other audiobooks. The listener can feel her passion for justice and her unwavering belief in Adnan’s innocence.
The meticulous research and the detailed account of the case are also commendable. Chaudry’s legal background shines through as she dissects the case, pointing out the inconsistencies and presenting new evidence. The audiobook is not just a recounting of facts, but a narrative filled with emotion, conviction, and a quest for justice.
What We Didn’t Like
While the audiobook is compelling and thought-provoking, it might be a bit heavy for those looking for a light listen. The subject matter is serious and the narration is intense, which might not appeal to everyone. Additionally, some listeners might find the detailed legal discussions and the recounting of court proceedings a bit tedious.
In conclusion, “Adnan’s Story: The Search for Truth and Justice After Serial” is a compelling audiobook that offers a deep dive into a controversial case. It’s a must-listen for those interested in true crime and the workings of the criminal justice system.
7. “The Stranger Beside Me” by Ann Rule
Summary
“The Stranger Beside Me” is a chilling and riveting audiobook that takes listeners on a journey through the life of one of America’s most notorious serial killers, Ted Bundy. The audiobook is narrated by Lorelei King, an award-winning voice artist known for her ability to bring characters to life. King’s narration adds a layer of depth and realism to the story, making the experience all the more immersive.
Ann Rule, the author, provides a unique perspective as she had a close personal relationship with Bundy before his crimes were discovered. This audiobook is not just a recounting of Bundy’s heinous acts, but also an exploration of his personality, his charm, and the dual life he led.
Review
Listening to “The Stranger Beside Me” is an experience that is as fascinating as it is terrifying. Lorelei King’s narration is exceptional, her tone is steady and her pacing is perfect, making the chilling details of Bundy’s life and crimes even more impactful. Her ability to convey the emotional turmoil of the author, Ann Rule, who considered Bundy a friend, adds a layer of complexity to the narrative.
Ann Rule’s writing is detailed and thorough. She doesn’t just focus on the gruesome details of Bundy’s crimes, but also delves into his personality, his relationships, and his ability to lead a double life. The audiobook is a testament to Rule’s investigative journalism skills, her ability to weave a narrative, and her courage to confront her own biases and emotions regarding Bundy.
What We Loved
The narration by Lorelei King is one of the standout features of this audiobook. Her ability to bring the characters to life, to convey the chilling details with a steady voice, and to express the emotional turmoil of the author is commendable.
Ann Rule’s writing is another aspect that we loved. Her detailed descriptions, her focus on Bundy’s personality and double life, and her introspective approach make for a compelling listen. The fact that Rule knew Bundy personally adds a unique perspective to the narrative, making it all the more intriguing.
What We Didn’t Like
While “The Stranger Beside Me” is a compelling listen, it can be quite heavy due to the subject matter. The detailed descriptions of Bundy’s crimes can be disturbing for some listeners. Additionally, the audiobook is quite long, which might not appeal to everyone.
Despite these minor drawbacks, “The Stranger Beside Me” is a must-listen for true crime enthusiasts. It offers a unique perspective into the life of Ted Bundy and is a testament to Ann Rule’s investigative journalism skills.
8. “West Cork” by Sam Bungey and Jennifer Forde
Summary
“West Cork” is an intriguing true crime audiobook that takes listeners on a journey through one of Ireland’s most infamous unsolved cases. Narrated by its creators, Sam Bungey and Jennifer Forde, the audiobook is a deep dive into the mysterious murder of Sophie Toscan du Plantier in West Cork, Ireland, in 1996. The audiobook is not just a recounting of the crime, but an exploration of the community where it happened and the characters who found themselves at the center of a national scandal.
The narration by Bungey and Forde is immersive, their investigative journalism skills shine through as they meticulously piece together the events leading up to and following the murder. They interview key figures, including the main suspect, and provide listeners with a comprehensive understanding of the case.
Review
“West Cork” is a masterclass in true crime storytelling. Bungey and Forde’s narration is engaging and their commitment to uncovering the truth is palpable throughout the audiobook. The pacing is excellent, with each episode revealing new information that keeps the listener hooked.
The strength of “West Cork” lies in its ability to transport listeners to the heart of the story. The descriptions of the Irish countryside, the character profiles, and the atmospheric sound design all contribute to a sense of place that is both beautiful and haunting. The audiobook doesn’t shy away from the darker aspects of the case, but it handles them with sensitivity and respect.
What we loved
The immersive storytelling is a standout feature of “West Cork”. Bungey and Forde’s narration is both informative and emotive, making for a captivating listening experience. The in-depth interviews and the use of ambient sound also add a layer of authenticity that sets this audiobook apart.
The exploration of the wider community and the impact of the crime on them was another highlight. It provided a broader context to the case and highlighted the far-reaching effects of such a tragedy.
What we didn’t like
While “West Cork” is a compelling listen, it may not be for everyone. The detailed nature of the investigation means that it can be quite heavy at times. Some listeners might find the pacing slow, particularly in the early episodes. However, for true crime enthusiasts, these aspects are likely to be seen as strengths rather than weaknesses.
Overall, “West Cork” is a must-listen for true crime fans. Its blend of thorough investigation, immersive storytelling, and respectful handling of a tragic event make it a standout in the genre.
9. I’ll Be Gone in the Dark: One Woman’s Obsessive Search for the Golden State Killer by Michelle McNamara
Summary
“I’ll Be Gone in the Dark: One Woman’s Obsessive Search for the Golden State Killer” is a gripping audiobook that takes you on a journey through the mind of Michelle McNamara, a true crime journalist who dedicated her life to unmasking one of America’s most notorious serial killers. The audiobook is narrated by Gabra Zackman, with an introduction by Gillian Flynn and an afterword by McNamara’s husband, Patton Oswalt. Zackman’s narration is compelling, her voice carrying the weight of McNamara’s relentless pursuit of the truth. The introduction and afterword add a personal touch, providing insight into McNamara’s passion and dedication.
The audiobook delves into the chilling details of the Golden State Killer’s crimes, spanning from the mid-1970s to the mid-1980s. McNamara’s meticulous research and compelling storytelling are brought to life through Zackman’s narration, making for an immersive and haunting listening experience. The audiobook also includes McNamara’s own interactions with law enforcement and online sleuths, highlighting her tireless efforts to bring the Golden State Killer to justice.
Review
“I’ll Be Gone in the Dark” is more than just a true crime audiobook; it’s a testament to one woman’s relentless pursuit of justice. Gabra Zackman’s narration is powerful, capturing the intensity and determination of McNamara’s investigation. Her voice brings a sense of urgency and suspense to the narrative, making the listener feel as though they are part of the hunt for the Golden State Killer.
The audiobook is well-structured, with each chapter providing new insights and revelations. The inclusion of McNamara’s own words, thoughts, and experiences adds a personal touch, making the listener feel intimately connected to her journey. The introduction by Gillian Flynn and the afterword by Patton Oswalt further enhance this connection, providing a glimpse into McNamara’s life and her unwavering dedication to her work.
What We Loved
The narration by Gabra Zackman is undoubtedly one of the highlights of this audiobook. Her delivery is engaging and emotive, perfectly capturing the suspense and intensity of McNamara’s investigation. The personal touches, such as the introduction by Gillian Flynn and the afterword by Patton Oswalt, add depth and context to the narrative, making it a truly immersive experience.
The meticulous research and compelling storytelling are also commendable. McNamara’s dedication to uncovering the truth about the Golden State Killer is palpable throughout the audiobook, making it a gripping and inspiring listen.
What We Didn’t Like
While “I’ll Be Gone in the Dark” is a compelling audiobook, it can be quite intense and graphic at times, which may not be suitable for all listeners. The detailed descriptions of the Golden State Killer’s crimes can be unsettling, making it a challenging listen for those sensitive to such content.
Additionally, the audiobook requires a certain level of concentration due to the complex nature of the investigation and the multitude of details presented. This may make it a bit difficult for casual listeners or those new to the true crime genre.
In conclusion, “I’ll Be Gone in the Dark” is a powerful and haunting audiobook that offers an intimate look into Michelle McNamara’s obsessive search for the Golden State Killer. It’s a testament to her dedication and determination, making it a must-listen for true crime enthusiasts.
10. Helter Skelter: The True Story of the Manson Murders by Vincent Bugliosi
Summary
“Helter Skelter: The True Story of the Manson Murders” is a chilling and riveting audiobook that delves into one of the most infamous crimes in American history. The audiobook is narrated by Scott Brick, whose voice brings an eerie realism to the narrative. Brick’s narration is both engaging and haunting, making the listener feel as if they are part of the investigation. The audiobook is based on the best-selling true crime book by Vincent Bugliosi, the prosecutor in the Charles Manson trial.
The audiobook takes the listener through the investigation, trial, and aftermath of the Manson Family murders. It provides a detailed account of the events leading up to the murders, the investigation that followed, and the trial that ultimately led to the conviction of Charles Manson and his followers. The narrative is filled with firsthand accounts, court transcripts, and personal observations, making it a comprehensive and compelling listen.
Review
Listening to “Helter Skelter: The True Story of the Manson Murders” is an immersive and unsettling experience. Scott Brick’s narration is exceptional, his tone perfectly capturing the chilling nature of the crimes and the tense atmosphere of the investigation and trial. His voice is clear and steady, making the complex legal proceedings easy to follow and the horrific details of the crimes bearable to listen to.
The audiobook is meticulously researched and incredibly detailed, providing a comprehensive account of the Manson Family murders. The narrative is structured in a way that keeps the listener engaged, with the suspense building as the investigation unfolds and the pieces of the puzzle start to fall into place.
The audiobook does an excellent job of portraying the horror and brutality of the Manson Family murders, as well as the fear and confusion that gripped Los Angeles in the aftermath of the crimes. It also provides a fascinating insight into the mind of Charles Manson and his followers, exploring the twisted ideology that led them to commit such horrific acts.
What We Loved
What stands out about this audiobook is Scott Brick’s exceptional narration. His voice is both soothing and chilling, perfectly capturing the mood of the narrative. His pacing is excellent, allowing the listener to absorb the complex details of the investigation and trial without feeling overwhelmed.
The level of detail in the audiobook is also impressive. The narrative is filled with firsthand accounts, court transcripts, and personal observations, providing a comprehensive and compelling account of the Manson Family murders. The audiobook does not shy away from the horrific details of the crimes, but presents them in a way that is respectful and sensitive.
What We Didn’t Like
While the level of detail in the audiobook is impressive, it can also be overwhelming at times. The narrative is dense with information, and it can be difficult to keep track of all the names and events. A more streamlined narrative might have made for a more accessible listen.
Despite this minor flaw, “Helter Skelter: The True Story of the Manson Murders” is a powerful and compelling audiobook that offers a chilling insight into one of the most infamous crimes in American history. It is a must-listen for any true crime enthusiast.
